Chapter 28 The Digestive System Example For Students

Chapter 28 The Digestive System Question Answer abomasum last section of the ruminant stomach that acts as the true stomach and allows food to be digested alimentary canal veterinary medical terminology for the GI system amylase enzyme produced by the pancreas that breaks down starches anastomosis surgical removal of a dead area of tissue along the digestive tract and resectioning the areas back together ascending colon first section of the large intestine avian system specialized digestive system of birds beak avian mouth with no teeth that forms an upper and lower bill bile yellow fluid that helps break down food for digestion and absorption of food bloat condition that causes the abdoment to become swollen and painful due to air and gas within the intestinal tract body central part of the stomach that expands as food enters canine teeth also known as fangs that are used to tear apart food cardia entrance of the stomach that filters food caniasial tooth upper 4th premolar and lower first molar in dogs and cats that tend to become abscessed and infected cecum the small sac that lies between the small and large intestines cloaca end of the digestive tracct where waste material passes colic condition in horses that causes severe stomach pain colon common term for the large intestine constipation occurence in the digestive tract that can cause little to no bowel movement crop small sac that acts as a holding tank for food as it is passed from the esophagus in birds crown the upper part of the tooth that lies above the gum line cud mixture of grass sources and saliva that is chewed and regurgitated to break down food for digestions deciduous baby teeth that are developed in newborn animals and eventually shed when adulthood is reached dehydration loss of fluids in the body dentin second layer of teeth, similar to bone dentition the way teeth are arranged in the body descending colon third or last section of the large intestine diabetes condition that is produced when too much or too little blood sugar is produced and the body finds it difficult to regulate diarrhea process of waste materials and feces becoming soft and watery digestion breaking down food particles into nutrients to be used by the body to allow the animal to live digestive system the body sytem that contains the stomach and intestines distended swollen duodenum short, first section of the small intestines enamel hardest substance in the body that covers and protects teeth enema procedure of passing fluids into the rectum to soften feces to produce a bowel movement eructation gas buildup where belching occurs to rid the rumen of air esophagus tube that passes food from the mouth to the stomach fermentation process of soaking food that allows bacteria to break down food for easier digestion flanking looking at or biting at the sides of the abdomen due to stomach pain foreign body obstruction an animal ingests a foreign object that is no digestibe and it becomes impacted within the intestinal tract free gas air accumulates in the dorsal rumen of a ruminants stomach causing the animal to choke when the esophagus becomes obstructed with food and saliva, causing the gas to not be able to escape frothy bloat caused by gas being trapped within small bubbles within the rumen cxausing the abdoment to become swollen and painful fundus opening of the stomach gall bladder organ that stores biles gastric dilation veterinary term for the condition known as bloat in which air or gas fills the stomach causing the abdomen to become swollen and painful gastric dilation volvulus (GDV) condition where the stomach and intestinal tract rotate after becoming swollen due to air or gas in the GI tract, causing the intestinal tracts circulation to be cut off t gastrointestinal system (GI) the digestive system that contains the stomach and intestines gizzard muscular organ located after the proventriculus in birds that grinds down hard food substances glucose veterinary term for blood sugar herbivores animals that eat plant based foods ileum third and last section of the small intestine incisors the front teeth located in the upper and lower jaws insulin chemical produced by the liver that is released into the bloodstream and regulates the bodys blood sugar intravenous into the vein intussesception condition where the stomach or intestine telescopes upon itself, cutting off circulation to the organ jejunum second or middle section of the small intestine Lactated ringers solution fluid of lactic acid that is commonly used to replace fluids lost in dehydration laxative veterinary term for stool softeners or medicine given to soften feces to produce a bowel movement lipase enzyme produced by the pancreas that breaks down fats liver organ behind the stomach that makes bile and produces glucose mesentery connective tissue from the peritoneum and carries blood vessels and nerves to the small intestines molars last set of teeth that are large and located in the back of the mouth monogastric digestive system of an animal with one simple stomach mucosa thin connective tissue that lines the intestinal tract mucous membrane (mm) gums necrotic dead tissue nonruminant system digestive system similar to monogastric animals with a larger well developed cecum for breaking down fiber normal saline solution with the same concentration level as salt NPO nothing by mouth omasum third section of the ruminant stomach that absorbed water and nutrients omentum thin lining that surrounds organs within the abdomen omnivores eats both plants and animals oral barium study barium solution given by mouth to pass through the digestive system to allow xrays to be taken over time to view internal structures of the GI tract pancreas organ that lies next to the stomach and secretes enzymes that aid in digestion papillae hair on the tongue that act as taste buds peristalsis wavelike motion of the stomach that moved food through the intestine in contractions peritoneum clear thin lining of the abdomen permanent adult teeth that are formed after the deciduous teeth are shed pharynx throat or area of the back of the mouth PO by mouth premolars wider teeth at the back of the mouth used to grind and tear food proventriculus acts as a monogastric stomach and begins the digestion process in birds by releasing excretions to soften food pulp cavity center of the tooth that holds the nerves, veins, and arteries pylorus exit passageway of the stomach radiopaque solution that fluoresces and allows radioation to pass through to view internal body structures during xrays regurgitation process of bringing food into the mouth from the stomach to break it down root part of the tooth located below the gum line that holds the tooth in place reticulum second section of the ruminant stomach that acts as a filter for food rumen first section of the ruminant stomach that acts as a storage vat and softens food for fermentation rugae folds within the stomach when it is empty ruminant animal with a digestive system that has a stomach with four sections or compartments saliva fluid that helps soften and break down food for ease of swallowing and digestion salivary glands area within the mouth that produces saliva skin turgor process of evaluating an animal for dehydration by lifting the skin over the base of the neck or shoulder blades sodium chloride saltwater fluid stool softeners medication given to produce a bowel movement by softening the fecces subcutaneous given under the skin tacky slight dry, as in the gums tongue muscle within the mouth used to hold food within the mouth transverse colon second or middle section of the large intestine trocar plastic or metal pointed instrument placed into the rumen of the ruminant animal that has bloated to relieve the pressue on the animals stomach trypsin enzyme produced by the pancreas that digests proteins vent external area of an avian that passes waste materials, also called the cloaca and similar to the rectum vomiting process of brining up partially or undigested food that has been in the stomach of monogastric animals